Practice Sheet for Nucleic Acids

 
 

1. Nucleic Acids are polymers of ___________

Nucleotides
 

2. The basic units of a nucleotide are
 


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5C sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

3. Name the two important functional groups.
 
 Phosphate group and hydroxyl group.
4. To form a dinucleotide, what must be removed?
 
 Water
5. What kind of reaction is this called?
 
 condensation
6.  Write out the reaction and label the reactants and products.
 
Nucleotide + nucleotide à water + dinucleotide 
7.  What kind of bond is formed between the two nucleotides?
 
 Phosphodiester bond
8.  This bond is equivalent to what bond 

               between monosaccharides?
               between amino acids
               between an alcohol and fatty acid

Glycosidic
Peptide
Ester

9.  Which end of the nucleic acid molecule is the 5' end?       The end with the free phosphate group
 
 
10. Which end of the nucleic acid molecule is the 3' end?
 
The end with the free hydroxyl group
11.  What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a 
       nucleic acid?
 Additional nucleotides can be added only to the 3' end
12. The four nitrogen bases found in DNA are:
 
 Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
13. The base in DNA complementary to Adenine is
      
     The base in DNA complementary to Guanine is
Thymine

Cytosine

14.  If a strand of DNA contains the sequence below,  
      what would the complementary DNA strand have as  
      its base sequence?

                  5' A T C G T T A G G G C A T 3'

      Indicate the 5' and 3' ends. 

      If the strand given were to elongate at which end     
      would new nucleotides be added?


 
 

5'  A T C G T T A G G G C A T   3'

3'  T A G C A A T C C C G T A  5'

 3' end

 15. The four nitrogen bases found in RNA are ____   Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil
 
16.  Which nitrogen base in DNA is NOT found in RNA?

      Which nitrogen base in RNA is NOT found in DNA?

Thymine

Uracil

17.  If a strand of DNA contains the base sequence 
      below, what would the complementary RNA have as 
      its base sequence?

                  A T C G T T A G G G A T


 
 

A T  C G T T A G G G A T
U A G C A A U C C C U A
 

18.  What does DNA stand for?
 
      What does RNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Ribonucleic Acid
 

19. What is the function of DNA? It is the genetic material of the cell that is passed on to new cells and new organisms. It contains the code for ALL the proteins a cell can make
 
     What is the function of RNA? RNA is an intermediate formed in the process of converting the code in DNA into a protein
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